北京風筝

徐紅新 伟德国际1916备用网址

北京風筝種類很多，傳 為曹雪芹所著的《南鹞北鸢考工志》一書中有40多種紮法，現存的《北平風筝譜》中收集了200餘種北京風筝。北京風筝有硬翅、軟翅、對燕、拍子、串兒、筒兒、沙燕兒等。沙燕兒是北京、也是中國風筝最有代表性的一類風筝。沙燕兒也稱紮燕兒，形象取材于自然界的小燕子，經過誇張、變形、程式化，具有濃厚的民族特色和強烈的裝飾感。沙燕兒形态有肥燕、瘦燕、雛燕和比翼燕等。民間藝人賦予風筝豐富的想象和情感，北京民謠：“肥比男，瘦比女，雛燕是孩童，雙燕是夫妻。”沙燕兒結構簡練，由5 根竹條組成主骨架，飛行性能優于其他類型風筝。由沙燕兒演變成的風筝遍及全國，品種很多。

Beijing Kites

Beijing kites are of various kinds. There are more than 40 kinds of tie-up methods recorded in An Investigation of Kite-making Techniques in South and North China, a book written reputedly by Cao Xueqin, and more than 200 kinds of Beijing kites are collected in Beiping Kites Spectrum, a book still existing today. Beijing kites may be hard-winged, soft-winged, double-swallowed, racketed, chained, tanked, sand swallowed, just name a few. Sand Swallow is a kind of representative kite in Beijing, even in China. It is also known as Zha Swallow, whose image is based on the little swallow in real life and is characterized by strong national features and strong decorative sense after exaggeration, distortion and stylization. Sand Swallow has different forms as fat-shaped, thin-shaped, young swallow, double-swallow and the like. Folk artists give the kite rich imagination and great affection, just as has been sung in Beijing ballad: “Fat swallow symbolizes the male and thin the female, young swallow is like a child and double swallows a couple.”  The flight performance of a Sand Swallow is superior to other classes because of its simple framework formed by 5 bamboo stripes. Therefore, the kite evolved from the sand swallow has been very popular all over the country, with its various kinds.